Controlling
Meaning: Controlling is a key managerial function that ensures that organizational activities align with established goals and plans. It helps managers monitor progress and take corrective action when necessary.
Steps in Controlling
Set Performance Standards: Define clear, measurable objectives for activities.
Measure Actual Performance: Collect and analyze data to assess outcomes.
Compare Results Against Standards: Identify discrepancies between planned and actual results.
Take Corrective Action: Address deviations to improve performance and efficiency.
Control Process
Planning: Establish goals and performance standards.
Monitoring: Continuously track progress during activities.
Evaluating: Assess results and compare them to standards.
Essentials of a Sound Control System
Clarity: Easy to understand and implement.
Flexibility: Adaptable to changes in circumstances.
Accuracy: Provides reliable and precise data.
Timeliness: Allows for prompt action when needed.
Cost-Effectiveness: Achieves control efficiently without excessive expense.
Methods of Establishing Control
Budgeting: Financial planning and expenditure control.
Audits: Verifying records and processes.
Reports: Documentation and analysis of progress.
Performance Reviews: Evaluating employee contributions and efficiency.
Types of Control
Feedforward Control: Anticipatory measures taken before activities begin.
Concurrent Control: Real-time monitoring and adjustments during activities.
Feedback Control: Post-activity evaluation and refinement.
Effective control systems empower managers to align efforts with organizational goals and continuously improve processes.
